The biometric attendance system is a significant improvement over the online time and attendance tracking solutions now available on the market.
This blog will address the following subjects:
- Biometric description
- Biometric Methodologies
- Various Biometric Attendance Methods
- Benefits of biometrics
Biometric description:
- Biometric is the measuring and statistical examination of an individual’s distinctive physical and behavioral traits. The technology is mostly used for access control, surveillance target identification, and identification of individuals.
- Every person may be reliably identified by inherent physical or behavioral qualities, which is the fundamental tenet of biometric authentication. The words biometrics, which indicate measures of life, come from the Greek words bio, which means life.
- A tool that is used to confirm a person’s identity is a biometric attendance machine. A person can be recognized by their fingerprints, voice patterns, iris, facial recognition, and hand measurements, among other traits.
Biometric Methodologies:
- This form of verification uses behavior-based biometrics. It is relevant to workplaces, business hubs, and different academic institutions.
- Physical biometrics:
- This method is effective for both identification and verification. For safe transactions and criminal investigations, banks and other investigating agencies use it.
Various Biometric Attendance Methods:
Various Biometric Devices come in the following forms:
1.DNA:
- Each of the approximately 100 trillion cells in the human body contains DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid), a molecule.
- It includes the genetic information needed to build the proteins and replicate the cells needed to support and sustain life.
- The genome, which is the entirety of each cell’s DNA, contains all of the biological instructions necessary to create an organism.
2.EAR:
- The human ear’s form and features display particular traits that enable identification of a person.
- Countries like France have employed ear identification for a long time, and information on an arrested person’s ears was gathered together with their face photos and fingerprints as part of the criminal record.
- Since the development of sophisticated computational techniques like convolutional neural networks over the past ten years, ear recognition has developed into a practical automated biometric technology with uses beyond its conventional law enforcement applications.
3.EYES:
Iris:
- The coloured, round portion of the eye’s front known as the iris houses the pupil in the center.
- To regulate how much light enters the eye, the iris regulates the pupil’s size.
- The distinctive patterns of the iris’ pigmented tissue are used in iris recognition technologies.
- A camera that operates in the near infrared spectrum records these patterns.
Retina:
- The optic nerve receives electrical impulses from the retina, which is located in the back of the eye, when it detects light.
- A network of blood arteries supplies the retina, and it is this network that creates the distinctive structure that makes the retina easy to recognise.
- Each eye has a unique arrangement of blood vessels, which is unique for every individual.
Scleral Vein:
- The sclera, which is the white portion of the eye, displays a network of veins as the eyeball moves to the left or right.
- The notion of sclera vein recognition has only recently been created, having been developed in each eye’s left and right side networks since 2008.
- The photos are taken with a smartphone camera, an infrared camera, or a normal camera.
4.FACE: (To learn More…)
- Face biometrics employ components of the facial region to confirm or identify a person.
- Numerous methods are used to statistically analyze facial features in a way that is not greatly influenced by factors like age, expression, lighting, or many other factors.
- A regular camera or a smartphone camera can take a portrait of the face or include it in a video of a moving topic.
- The shape and look of facial features, including the eyes, nose, and mouth, are described by current face algorithms by using image processing that is carefully trained to capture discriminative features.
- Face recognition systems are frequently vulnerable to presentation attacks, such as the use of masks and other disguises, software “morphing,” and other biometric modalities.
5.FINGER GEOMETRY:
- Finger geometry is a biometric procedure that records details on each finger’s surface area, shape, length, width, and thickness as well as the space between the fingers.
- The most recent finger geometry biometric systems work with three dimensional imaging techniques that, in comparison to the images previously created by two dimensional cameras, increase data acquisition accuracy and minimize variances caused by lighting anomalies and skin pigmentations.
- To take pictures and repeated measurements of important features, two or more fingers must be aligned with a pegged template. The subject must cooperate during this process, which is typically supervised.
6.FINGERPRINT:
- The elevated papillary ridges that traverse the skin’s surface give Biometric Fingerprints their distinctive appearance.
- These ridges can be found on human fingers, thumbs, palms, toes, and foot soles, as well as on several other mammals. For improved grip and propulsion, the ridges have evolved to create friction.
- Human digits have individual fingerprints that can be used to recognise people. The same is true of palm prints, except that a broader region of ridged skin carries more detail.
- For enrollment, several biometric systems use fingerprints and palm prints alone or in combination.
- Although it is possible to capture fingerprints using paper and ink, the majority of modern biometric applications use scanners that the finger is put on or rolled across.
7.GAIT:
- Every person has a unique gait and running style.
- The subject’s general physical make-up, stride breadth and length, movement speed, the different angles created by the hip, knee, and ankle joints, as well as the angles of the torso, thighs, and feet, can all be recorded by cameras and analyzed.
- Individuals may therefore be recognized based on their gait pattern, which enables the use of biometric one-to-one (1:1) verification and one-to-many (1:N) identification (search capacity) in addition to other applications like medical research and diagnostic testing, sports science, etc.
8.HAND GEOMETRY:
- Biometric hand geometry systems take into account the key elements of finger geometry as well as the hand’s surfaces and side profile.
- Images are captured with the hand resting palm down on a support plate and being held in place by guide pegs.
- It is measured and noted how big the person’s hand is in terms of length, width, thickness, and surface area.
- During this process, a variety of measures and features are extracted.
9.HEARTBEAT:
- No matter their heart rate or level of exercise, people have a distinct heartbeat that is influenced by a variety of factors, including their general physiology, health, and heart’s shape, size, and sound.
- Other considerations include the position of their heart valves and the pressures they produce.
- The only thing that is sent and received by the biometric system is the electronic “signature” of the heartbeat.
- Unless they are disturbed and changed by illness or a catastrophic cardiac episode like a stroke or heart attack, the properties of the heartbeat remain unchanged throughout life.
10.KEYSTROKES:
- Once a reference typing session has been recorded for comparison, the typist can be identified by the motions they take while typing on a keyboard.
- Individual keyboard operators can be identified by traits including how long it takes them to choose, depress, and release a particular key or sequence of keys, how rhythmically and dynamically they press the keys, how dexterous each hand is, and whether they make frequent mistakes.
11.ODOR:
- A primary body odor’s distinctiveness and stability over time, as well as its possible ability to be distinguished from other odors transmitted by the human body from sources including soaps, perfumes, diet, and the environment, have all been researched.
- The primary odor may be masked or disrupted by some disorders.
- Animals with keen senses of smell, like bears and dogs, can track and trail humans, but for the Biometric System of odor, it is necessary to use machine olfaction equipment that can detect and collect human odors for later analysis and classification as a biometric template.
12.SIGNATURES:
- Paper papers have long been authenticated by handwritten signatures, but more recently, the procedure has been mechanized with the use of cutting-edge electronic biometric technologies.
- Signature recognition that is static or offline: A person’s handwritten signature (or a group of exemplary signatures) is recorded as a digitalized reference template. The algorithm compares the properties of subsequent signatures with the reference signature when they are submitted in the course of business (such as on checks and contracts).
- Dynamic or online signature recognition: The physical activities required to write a signature are recorded electronically and are typically captured on a tablet or other screen-sensitive device (To learn More…)
13. VASCULAR (VEIN):
- A relatively new biometric technology is vascular recognition.
- An individual can be recognised by their specific pattern of finger and hand vein arrangement. An image of this vein pattern is recorded on a charged couple device (CCD) camera by passing a near-infrared (IR) light source through the finger or hand or reflecting it off the skin’s surface.
- A distinct outline of the structures is transmitted to the camera by the blood in the veins and capillaries, which absorbs IR light differently from the nearby muscle tissue.
- Normally, this scanning procedure is quick (reportedly just seconds in some applications). A digital template is created by extracting the features from the image.
14. VOICE:
- A person’s voice, or how they sound when they talk, is a combination of distinguishing physical characteristics and distinguishing psychological characteristics.
- Wavelengths that can be measured are present in or produced by the human voice.
- Software that uses artificial intelligence and machine learning techniques to analyze the voice gathers and produces a massive amount of data based on variables like speech modulation, tones, accent, frequency, etc.
- NB There is a distinction between speaker recognition, which identifies the speaker in biometric applications, and speech recognition, which identifies the content of speech, as in applications like automated telephone, voice command systems, integrated dictation, etc.
Benefits of biometrics:
The benefits of using a biometric attendance system are as follows.
- Stops ‘Buddy Punching’.
- Free replacement.
- Data precision.
- Exact Payroll.
- Automated Rules.
- Productivity growth.
- Makes employees more accountable.
CONCLUSION:
Students can check in or leave fast and effortlessly since automated biometric attendance systems don’t require any technical expertise. Saving Time: Biometric student attendance management systems speed up the process of recording students’ attendance in classes. These systems can instantly track any type of attendance, which reduces the amount of time needed to fix attendance data mistakes introduced by more conventional approaches.